Judo

The judo is a sport of extreme fighting and quite dynamic that requires both a wide skill physics and great mental discipline that originated in Japan. From a simple foot position, which involves a series of techniques that will allow you to lift and throw their opponents, place and achieve the submission of the opponent . The word judo is derived from the term Jujitsu , which means the art of attacking others or defending oneself using only the body.

What is judo?

Judo is a sport that is practiced on several mats and that is based mainly on a series of throws or “nage-waza” and hand fighting . It includes different immobilization techniques , hangings and levers to achieve victory. Some blows and immobilizations of the opponent’s joints are necessary to win the battle. It consists of developing mental , moral and personality skills , as well as adequate physical training that athletes who practice this sport must have.

Judo history

The origin of the martial arts of Japan started the martial art system known as takeouchi-ryu , founded in 1532, and this technique is considered the beginning of Jujitsu . In the year 1882, Dr. Jigoro Kano , who is recognized as the father of Judo , conducted a study regarding the ancient forms of self – defense and managed to bring together the best parts and techniques of these forms in a sport that is known with the name of Judo Kodokan . The term Kodokan is broken down into ko, which means lecture or method , the term do, which means path , and the word kan which meansplace . Professor Kano adopted the superlative parts of all Jujitsu schools, got rid of the non-significant parts, and Kodokan Judo was recognized within a few years for being one of the best techniques . The categorization of Kodokan Judo as a sport was completed around the year 1887. The Kodokan had three general goals: physical education , total mastery of the contest, and mental training . Judo became one of the official events at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, and was widely endorsed by Judo lovers and sports promoters around the world.

Techniques and keys

Some techniques and keys are as follows:

• O-soto-gari : It is an initial technique within the group of leg techniques . It is done by doing a trip from behind, one hand must pass over the shoulder and with the other we grab the sleeve, unbalancing the opponent backwards by lifting back the leg with which we are doing the trip.
• Harai goshi : The attacker (tori) stands face to face with the defender (uke) and rests one of his arms on one of his shoulders and the other places it under the defender’s arm. The attacker passes the first arm behind the defender’s neck and simultaneously pulls his arm with the second, tilting it towards him; then the attacker extends the leg closest to him to trip him and, leaning forward, turns the defender sideways with his back to the ground
• Hon Kesa Gatame : It is a lying immobilization in which Uke’s right side , with his back on the ground, Tori grabs Uke’s head with his right arm and blocks Uke’s right arm under his left arm, opens his legs to the maximum and lower your head.
• Yoko Shio Gatame : Tori kneels on Uke’s right side. In that position, he supports his right shoulder and head with his left arm, passing this behind Uke’s head. Tori controls Uke’s hips by passing her right arm inside her legs.
• Knee dislocation:  The left hand grasps the opponent’s right heel by the outer edge and places the opponent’s right instep in the hollow of his own left knee . Immediately, the right hand, takes the opponent’s leg on his thigh, pressing strongly, by the heel, forcing the joint

Judo rules

• Every wrestler must wear a kimono and belt .
• To defeat, the opponent must touch the ground with both shoulders and with his hips.
• The opponent can be defeated by immobilizing him for more than two seconds.
• Can be defeated by knockout .
• A combatant can surrender , through the application of a key or taken.
• Surrender must be indicated by striking the ground or the opponent’s body with the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot .
• When there is surrender, the attacker must put down the key and release the loser .
• The judoka does not assume responsibility in the event of injuries during combat.
• Each side in combat must have two competent witnesses , or a total of four, to testify that the regulations are being followed.

Categories:

• Weight Super Lightweight : Up to 60 kg and 48 kg ( female and male for all categories)
• Semi light weight: Up to 65 kg and 52 kg
• Light weight : Up to 71 kg and 56 kg
• Semi medium weight : Up to 78 kg and 61 kg
• Weight medium : Up to 86 kg and 66 kg
• Semi heavy weight : Up to 95 kg and 72 kg
• Heavy weight : More than 95 kg and more than 72 kg

Belts

They are known as ” obi ” and represent the degree that athletes possess in judo. The belts for advanced practitioners are called “ Dan ” and those for beginning students are known as “ Kyu ”. At the start of judo, the corresponding belt color is white ; As you progress, you get yellow, orange, green, blue, brown, and black. Whoever gets a black belt acquires the title of 1st Dan ; Grades 1 to 5 correspond to this color, then red / white from 6th to 8th dan and red for 9th and 1st dan.

Tatami

A tatami is a type of mat that is placed on the floor where judo competitions are held . They are traditionally made from rice straw and are manufactured in standard sizes, with a length exactly twice the width, an aspect ratio of 2: 1. They usually have cloth edges on the long sides , although some tatami mats do not. they have edges.

Equipment

The dress used in judo is called judogi , and it is made up of a belt called an obi . The clothing derives from Japanese culture in the 20th century . Colors may vary, but the most common is white . They are made of cotton or fibers that are strong.