Presidentialism

There are different forms of government around the world , among them we can find presidentialism . This type of government is a way of organizing the power to govern a country seen from the legal point of view . It is a simple form of mandate, working in conjunction with a parliamentary system and an assembly . The Head of State is the same Head of Government and is governed based on the division of powers, first and foremost. After a republic was established, the Constitution of it is responsible for establishing a division of power, so we find that part of the government to legislative , powerJudicial and the Head of State . The president is the most important part of the executive branch and the legislative branch is centered in the congress. So we can say that presidentialism is a system of government in which the president of the country is the head but at the same time seeks support from other organizations in order to fulfill its functions.

History of presidentialism

Separating the powers of the State was an idea that was born with the Constitution of the United States of America in 1878 at the time when Congress and the office of president were created. England and Scotland were the first countries to decide to adopt this form of government. Its theoretical foundation is that there is distrust of any type of power, which is why it was decided to forcefully divide it. The presidentialism American was a role model for the countries of Latin America.

Characteristics of presidentialism

The main characteristic of the presidential system is the application of the principle of the division of powers of the republic. There is a double legitimacy on the issue of sovereignty, since the president and Parliament are at stake . In presidentialism, universal suffrage is used to be able to carefully choose the executive power . The powers are rigidly separated creating a good institutional functioning. They don’t have many control mechanisms either. The separation of powers is very clear and specific, Executive power and Legislative power. The president is elected by vote of the people and not by the Congress of the Republic. The president is responsible for the proper administration of the country and does not have the capacity to eliminate the congress, since he is independent and is elected by the people. Another important feature is that this form of government has a vice president . The president has the ability to reject laws that have been approved by congress since he has sufficient power to exercise the veto of a given law.

Advantage

Among the most important advantages of this model of government is that there is a clear and specific separation of the powers of the Republic and in this way we have two different powers. There is no link between the executive power and the party that stands out in the congress and with this it is possible to avoid the presence of partycracies.

Disadvantages

When it is presented in presidentialism in a country, there is less representation of society since decisions cannot reach an agreement many times because there are different points of view within Congress , there is also a lower and more confusing response when crises occur in government and there is a marked tendency towards bipartisanship since a lot of funding is needed and there is a lack of political identity .

Presidentialism in America

Most of the countries in America have a presidential system, a few exceptions like Canada and Belize. The president in Latin America has become the center of power, of the national union and of guiding the State on the right path, at the same time, he is in charge of international relations . However, the executive branch has grown on many occasions causing authoritarianism .

Presidentialism in Mexico

This system was adopted in Mexico for the first time in 1824. Based mainly on the North American Constitution of 1787 and the Constitution of Cádiz in 1812. The president of Mexico represents a presidential system, is centralized in the public administration and there are a series of requirements raised by the Constitution of the United Mexican States to aspire to be President of the Republic.

Presidentialism in Argentina

The Argentine constitution establishes that the executive power is based on the presidential figure. However, Argentina has had few stable presidential governments as it is highly criticized by different academic and political sectors. Many scholars of the country insist that the best thing for countries is to eliminate presidentialism and instead adopt a different form of government.