Zootechnics

The animal science is a branch of science that is primarily responsible for the study of the offspring of the process of reproduction and improving animal to get the best use of the resource animals by man. We could say then that the zootecnia looking for ways in which humans can use animals in their benefit but preventing them suffer so unnecessary , considering ways to improve food and clothing you get them without increasing pain species.

Definition

Zootechnics is the science that is responsible for conducting a series of studies regarding the various factors that intervene for the better use of domestic and wild animals , but taking into account above all animal welfare , this with the aim of achieving the highest possible performance, managing the resources in a proper way and proper criteria of sustainability . It is the science that is responsible for correctly managing livestock farmsWith the aim of obtaining a series of products such as meat, eggs, milk, wool, skin, beehive products, etc., seeking above all that the products guarantee excellent quality food .

Characteristics of zootechnics

The main characteristics that we can observe in the area of ​​zootechnics are the following:

• Study parameters to take advantage of domestic and wild animals .
• It works under strict principles of sustainability .
• It also promotes the health of animals .
• He works with farm animals mainly in production sites .
• It is closely linked with veterinary medicine , although they are not the same.
• Its main objective is the production of animals .

What studies

The Department of Animal Husbandry is in charge of studying how to achieve increased productivity in alternative production systems , including sustainable and organic ecological production . It also aims to study the care and management of animals such as pets, such as cats and dogs, as well as farm animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs. In addition to these animals, poultry animals, mainly broilers and laying hens, as well as quail, partridges, pheasants, Peking ducks and ostriches are also being examined in this department.

It is also dedicated to researching the education for the future planning of basic genetics and biometrics , improve the development of technologies of production friendly to the environment , increase production standards of animal welfare and the quality of the product , to thereby avoid the extinction of animals. It also tries to apply the process of using traditional and / or modern biotechnological reproduction methods to increase the production of the economy of theagriculture to create highly adopted and improved resistance genotypes to provide healthy products from the production stage to the kitchen.

Source

According to the cave paintings that have been found and according to the concept of zootechnics, it is considered that it originated approximately 3000 years ago when men carried out the first work related to animals. The term Zootechnics comes from the Greek words ” zoom “ which means animal and ” techne “ which has technical meaning, which etymologically means ” the technique or art of animal husbandry “ .

History

Zootechnics is a branch of agriculture that includes the domestication , care and breeding of animals such as dogs, cows, horses, sheep, goats, pigs and others as creatures. This type of activity was born in the Neolithic about 10,000 years ago. After the discovery of the fire , evidence of domesticated animal bones began to be found. In Asia, animals such as goats and sheep began to be domesticated, as in Mesopotamia, where livestock was widely practiced and where animals used in the workforce were domesticated.

After humans realized that animals could be domesticated, an important change occurred and ancient civilizations began to use it by herding their livestock and crops. Over time, the animals became more docile and became an easier source of food for humans. Some studies suggest that animal husbandry was first developed in Europe , Asia or the Middle East

Branches of zootechnics

Zootechnics has different branches, among them we mention:

• General zootechnics : this is the branch of zootechnics that is responsible for providing the bases and general knowledge that all species considered as domestic have.
• Special zootechnics : it is the branch of zootechnics that is responsible for studying the different peculiarities that each species has and everything that is related to breeding, feeding, reproduction, care of the species , and management . This branch of zootechnics is also in charge of carrying out studies through:
  • Bovinotechnical
  • Avitecnia
  • Equinotechnics

Laboratories

At present, zootechnical laboratories first seek technological development in order to be able to carry out adequate studies on the species . The highly specialized teams that are currently available allow us to offer specialized diagnostic services, consultancies and advisory services in order to solve the different problems that occur in the agricultural sector in each place.

How it differs from veterinary

The veterinary medicine is the science that is responsible for treating health animals have considered domestic , wild or are in the stage production , is in charge of preventing , diagnosing and giving treatment for different diseases. The zootecnia meanwhile is the science that makes inquiries regarding the breeding , feeding , health and breeding with farm animals and also has a number ofscientific research that aims to improve the quality of life that animals have.

Importance

The main importance of zootechnics is the attempt to obtain animals that are more productive by improving their breeding , generating better profitability and hygiene conditions . In this way, products of animal origin are made safer, of higher quality and better production techniques , labor qualification, better integration in processes and in the way animals are treated are promoted. It also seeks efficient trade in animals to promote capital and at the same time provide a source ofwork for man.

Featured zootechnicians

Some important zootechnicians have been:

• Alfonso Alexander Hernandez
• Luisa Ibarra Lemas
• Heberto Javier Esparza Borges

Books on zootechnics

Some of the recognized books dealing with animal husbandry are:

• Elements of general zootechnics
• Introduction to zootechnics
• Goat husbandry
• Dictionary of zootechnics
• Equine zootechnics