Worldview

The area of philosophy has a large number of important branches that help to understand the human being. Many of these are new, as is the case with the worldview . This trend is based on the different points of view that exist within a society and also considers that cultures and people have the ability to see the world in different ways.

Definition

The word worldview comes from Weltanschauung , a German word that means observing and the world. The term was introduced by Wilhelm Dilthey , a philosopher who authored the book “Introduction to the Human Sciences . ” According to his theory, experience living the human being so single found its origin in a set of values and principles that existed in the society where it had been formed and it held that all emotions that were experienced at that environment were responsible for determining the future of the individual.

The word worldview itself refers to the understanding of coherence . It is a speculative method by means of which one tries to find the truth and to create a vision of the world taking as reference everything that is known and in what is believed. In an area of philosophy that is related to beliefs and the reality of the world, especially with the origin of the human being and with his destiny .

Types

According to Wilhelm Dilthey, there are three fundamental types of worldview which are mentioned below.

• Naturalism : in this case, the individual sees himself as a being that has been determined by nature and that can also be represented by Epicureans , who in turn can be found anywhere and at any time.
• Subjective idealism : refers to the idea that the human being is a being aware of the separation that exists between nature and man through free will .
• Objective idealism : indicates that the individual is aware of their role, which is related to the harmony that must exist with nature .

It is important to mention that there are also various kinds of worldviews such as religious , mythical , scientific and those that are divided depending on the people from which they come.

Worldview of education

To understand the role of the worldview in the educational field, it is important to remember that education is a type of social activity that is necessary and of great importance in the lives of children. The worldview in this case, depends on all the social relationships that the student has had and this depends on the ability of the individual to develop skills and learning .

Students who fail to receive an adequate education are limited in their worldview because they do not have the ability to assimilate all the necessary knowledge to be able to develop in their environment.

Inca worldview

The Incas had a type of worldview that was based on their own way of seeing the world. It was a way to find and answer a series of questions. For the Incas, creation was related to space (cosmos) and time (chaos) and they thought that the earth’s cycle depended on these aspects . They considered that man came from the earth and all the natural places in the world and for this reason, the connection between man and nature was of utmost importance.

Aztec worldview

His worldview was based on the idea of ​​the principle of duality . This duality was responsible for establishing a balance and was established from the different observations of nature and the universe, which were found in all aspects of life. They saw the world in a magical and cyclical way at the same time because life was the one that gave way to death and death to life.

Andean worldview

The Andean worldview was born from an evolutionary process of Andean thought , it was a type of their own conception through which they managed to understand the world, the way of acting of the human being, the behavior and the relationships between society. This worldview also considered that man , nature and Pachamama or Mother Earth were a whole and that they were related at the same time. The festivals and rituals were common and celebrated and they believed that the world was composed of three different parts, the world of the dead , the present world and the celestial world .

Mayan worldview

The Mayan worldview is a representation that shows the way in which man could see , understand and relate to the meaning of life. It was based on a system of values that related the world, life and things, dimensioning nature and the universe. Man was united with all the elements that were part of his environment , whether they were visible or invisible. It was a philosophy that also tried to find the material good and the fullness of the spirit .

Chinese worldview

The Chinese worldview believed that man should always be in perfect harmony with nature . The society that existed in heaven was basically a reflection of the society that existed on earth. For them, everything was based on the celestial field and for this reason they focused on the study of the stars. The sun and the moon also had a very important meaning as well as all the symbols related to them.

Christian worldview

In the case of this type of worldview, it is established that God was the creator of humanity and that he did it in his likeness in order to have a relationship with Him. It says that sin against God is a way in which man submits to evil, to the curse and to death and that God transformed himself into a mortal man to sacrifice himself in order to pay for sins by restoring creation to one day reach perfection.

Greek worldview

The Greek worldview claimed that the universe had an established order and that for that reason, it could be explained, understood and known. His mythology was based on a series of stories that spoke about the way the world had originated, about Greek gods and heroes. Several questions were raised regarding the components of the material , the form that had the universe and the place occupied by man on earth. Its main exponents were Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes .

Roman worldview

They were based on a series of polytheistic rites and ceremonies , for them, there were many gods and they were all important. For the Romans, human beings came from divine science and were ordered in space depending on spirituality and morphology .

Medieval worldview

In the case of the medieval worldview, it has a theocentric character, so faith in God is the most important thing. The earthly and human world has a meaning thanks to faith and without the presence of God, nothing could have meaning. The Christian thought joined with the classic . In addition, everything related to modern science emerged and reason also became part of faith.

Other examples

Other examples of worldview are the following:

• Christian theism
• Naturalism
• Existentialism
• Pantheism
• New era