National sovereignty

Sovereignty is a term that refers to superiority that cannot be overcome by any immaterial order . Is the leading authority higher or which is deposited the power both public and political of a place, nation or state , on the territory and the inhabitants. Sovereignty is then, the ability of the State to create its own laws and to control its own resources.without the coercion of other different states. It is a concept that grants all the power of the nation to the citizens who confirm that they cede this power to the State .

Characteristics of national sovereignty

The main characteristics that we can observe in national sovereignty are the following:

• In it, the people have the power to choose the course of the nation.
• It uses constitutional bodies to exercise power.
• For national sovereignty to be fulfilled, there must be a government , a territory and inhabitants .
• The population must be located in a specific territory .
• The government can create laws to be used by the state and in this way regulate society and meet its needs.
• Sovereignty is non-transferable and cannot be exercised by another that has not been expressly indicated by the Constitution .
• The ownership of power is in the hands of the people.
• It is exercised by means of the Constitution and by the laws that are established in it.
• It grants legality to the Power of the State through its recognition.

Source

Finding the exact origin of national sovereignty is a bit difficult, but it is considered that it arose in the Middle Ages with the appearance of the princes who were considered to be the sovereigns . In the 16th century , the concept of sovereignty was systematically built on the basis of the modern state , which was more centralized and bureaucratic .

History

The term sovereign applied to legal theory was applied in Leviathan, in which the author emphasizes that sovereign power must be extremely great. Roseau later with the French Revolution , affirmed that the sovereign was the people giving way to the alienation of power. At the time, each sovereign and each subject contributed to creating authority and at the same time were part of it. From the seventeenth century , political theory began to emerge with the aim of creating an absolute nation. During theIn the 18th century , the monarchs began to see in the theory of sovereignty the justification of absolutism .

At present, the principle of sovereignty has modified its paradigms under the principle of free self-determination that peoples have and the doctrines of human rights , becoming the main subject , the individuals that make up the country. The Charter of the United Nations appreciates the way in which the concept of sovereignty is adapted.

Implications

A country that enjoys national sovereignty has a series of implications, mainly when it makes political decisions regarding the proper use that should be given to resources , development in the field of education , industry , the support and maintenance of the culture , the form of government that will continue for the country to achieve progress and develop. The country with national sovereignty depends completely on its authorities , which in turn are elected by the people through the vote.of each of the citizens. Citizens are part of the nation, but they are not directly represented.

National sovereignty by country

Argentina

National sovereignty was born with the battle of the Vuelta de Obligado in 1845 and is celebrated every November 20 as a national holiday. This event served to guarantee national sovereignty and led to the signing of a treaty of peace between Argentina , France and Great Britain . It is seen as a symbol of independence , freedom and the unity of the nation.

Mexico

The national sovereignty of this country resides in article 39 of its Political Constitution, which establishes that sovereignty resides essentially and originally in its people. It refers that all the power that the government has comes from the people and that it is also instituted for their benefit.

Venezuela

In Venezuela sovereignty is in the people and is exercised according to the Constitution that has been created by the people, indirectly or indirectly through suffrage .

Importance of national sovereignty

The importance of sovereignty within a nation is because it is the latter that does not allow any other external factor to influence a condition of sovereignty over the people . In other words, it is important because through it no other country can impose rules or a new government within the territory. It does not allow any other type of power to have dominion and the right to make and make decisions about the people who will govern them.