María Estela Martínez de Perón

María Estela Martínez de Perón or Isabel Perón , as she was commonly known, was the president of Argentina when Juan Domingo Perón died. Her mandate is considered one of the historical periods of what is known as the third Peronism and she was the first woman appointed as Head of State and as President of a country.

What did

María Estela Martínez de Perón was a woman who managed to reach the presidency of Argentina, assuming the role in one of the most critical moments in the country, when far-right organizations and the Peronist movement continued with the armed struggle. He managed to maintain a certain degree of authority before Peronism and allied himself with right-wing sectors . It favored a radical change in all the economic postulates that had been implemented by Peronism, undertaking a policy of openness towards international capital ,restricting at the same time wages .

Biography of María Estela Martínez de Perón

Isabelita, as she was also known, was born in the province of La Rioja in Argentina , on February 4, 1931 . Her father was a bank employee and for this reason, as a child she moved to Buenos Aires where she developed mainly as an artistic dancer . He was part of one of the most recognized dance academies and with it, he toured all of Latin America . Upon meeting her husband, she moved away from the artistic environment and followed him in his ideals.

Death

María Estela Martínez de Perón has not yet died . He is currently 89 years old and lives northwest of Madrid , in an urbanization of chalets that belong to his family.

Political career

Her political career began with her husband Perón , when together they traveled to confront the neo-Peronism that was in force in the country. Its main function was to remove the metallurgical leader Vandor from power, who had managed to acquire an important weight in the political field. He managed to contact several figures related to the Peronist Resistance and achieved an order under the directives of Perón.

He also led a mission to China and North Korea as a representative of justicialism . After his return, Perón was named as a candidate for the presidency and he proposed that his wife be the one to run for the country’s vice – presidency .

Government of María Estela Martínez de Perón

When he came to the government, the political and economic situation that arose was not at all simple, so he relied mainly on his Minister of Social Welfare l José López Rega , with his presence he managed to strengthen the government mainly in the right-wing sectors and was able to organize a parapolice force that they called the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance that harassed those on the left, who were assassinated, tortured or assassinated.

It was sought to maintain political control by intervening the provinces , unions , universities and the private media, also censoring books, newspapers and magazines. In this way, his government was able to demonstrate its administrative ineffectiveness and its change to the extreme right position began to provoke the rejection of the population. The Peronist left also abandoned the government .

It was a government that was characterized by political instability that was increasing, however, it also achieved some positive points such as the monopoly of fuels by the state company called YPF, the sanction of the Labor Contract Law and the freezing of quotas of loans to acquire a home, which made it possible for many families to finally obtain a home.

In 1975 , the president tried to fix the country’s situation by normalizing the authorities in the provinces and thus concluding with the interventions. It devalued the currency yet the country’s economy had already suffered serious damage due to inflation . In 1975 he decreed Operation Independence to combat the ERP guerrillas militarily, going beyond the laws of the country.

On May 1, 1975 , the day he celebrates Workers’ Day , he gave a strong speech in the Plaza de Mayo against the guerrilla organizations that endangered the peace and threatened them. In 1975, its economy minister Celestino Rodrigo further devalued the currency creating what was called the “ Rodrigazo ”. After this situation, the idea of the president’s displacement began to arise .

Coup

On March 10 , the president gave a speech in which she accused the extreme right and the extreme left of having the objective of returning to the country in a pre-industrial state and for “turning over the chimneys that General Perón raised .” On March 24, 1976, the coup d’état began , which was led by the heads of the army , the navy and aeronautics, finally dismissing the constitutional government and changing it to a military junta while Congress was also dissolved.

After this, the president was accused of embezzlement of public funds since she had used state money to pay personal debts (later she repaid the money). María Estela Martínez de Perón was detained for more than five years at the El Messidor residence in Neuquén and later in San Vicente . She was released in 1981 and moved to Madrid leaving behind all kinds of political activity.

What study

He completed his primary studies in Buenos Aires and later devoted himself to studying Spanish dance , the French language and piano .

Ideology

His ideology was based on violence and the repression of those who were against him in order to achieve his goals. His way of thinking was based mainly on socialism and revolutionary syndicalism .

Contributions of María Estela Martínez de Perón

The government of María Estela Martínez de Perón did not really give the country positive contributions , on the contrary, it adopted measures that caused a setback in the conquests that had already been achieved and even killed many people who were considered as Marxist opponents and left. His government finally ended with a general crisis in the country that caused his coup .

Physical characteristics

A slim-built woman with long, straight, dark brown hair. His nose is quite pointed but well profiled, his cheekbones stand out and his mouth is small.

Personality

His personality was always very strong , almost like that of a dictator and he was very close to being one. She did not have a way of being and behaving oriented and was also to some extent resigned.

Parents

His parents were Carmelo Martínez who worked in a bank in the city of Buenos Aries and María Josefa Cartas who was the cousin of a renowned artist.

Relations

She met who would be her husband in Panama , on one of her dance tours. At that time, former President Juan Domingo Perón was in exile in that place and in this way they met . By the end of 1956 they had already established a romantic relationship and had married.

Sons

María Estela Martínez de Perón had no children.

Why do they call her Isabelita

They call her Isabelita because when she worked as a dancer she decided to take the stage name of her adoptive mother who was called Isabel Góm ez.

Importance

The government of María Estela Martínez de Perón is seen to date as a negative government that caused the constant deterioration of all political and civil liberties. It is for this reason that he was the victim of a coup d’état.

Acknowledgments

There are no recognitions in honor of María Estela Martínez de Perón.

Phrases by María Estela Martínez de Perón

Among his most recognized phrases are the following:

• Have confidence because I will lead you, regardless of whoever falls and who falls, to the happiness that this wonderful town deserves.
• I will hit those antipatriates who oppose them with the whip, just like the Pharisees in the temple.
• I am not afraid of them .
• There is a limit to patience , there is a limit to understanding . We have had too much patience and understanding for them.
• Anyone who does not agree to leave .

Curiosities

Some examples of curiosities of María Estela Martínez de Perón were the following:

• She was known by the name of Isabelita Perón .
• She was the first woman in the world to hold the position of president of the country .
• As a young woman she was an expert dancer .