Magnetic levitation train

The magnetic levitation train was, according to the science of the year 1980, the instrument that would make normal air travel disappear, traveling from city to city, at approximately 500 mph and with negligible effects on the environment . Without trains and with only one track, Maglev trains as they are also called, would put aside bad weather, the wrong type of rail lines or faults. It contains an entire system of accelerated , silent transport that causes the means of transport, in this case the train, to be suspended in the air by means of the force of powerful magnets. In Japan, the highest speed reached by one of these trains was recorded, and it was 581 km / h in 2003. The train is not as fast as an airplane, but it is only because airplanes have the ability to fly at heights. higher and air resistance is lower.

What is it for

So far, the magnetic levitation train is used mainly in commercial-type operations . The first of these was people transport when it was officially opened in 1984 in Birmingham, England. At the time it was operating on a monorail track between Birmingham International Airport and Birmingham International Railway Station.

Magnetic levitation train features

The main characteristics that we can mention of the magnetic levitation train are the following:

• Given that the magnetic levitation train has a significant lack of friction , the theoretical maximum speed that it can reach is much higher than that of a conventional train.
• It is a train that is quite safe , as its construction characteristics make derailment practically impossible .
• As there is no type of contact between the moving parts, they hardly suffer from wear .
• Its vehicles and the route it uses to get around are very easy to maintain .
• It has very low levels of noise pollution , which is why it is considered environmentally friendly.
• The only force that can limit your progress is air resistance .
• It can reach speeds that are practically impossible to achieve on a regular railroad, and can reach up to 600 kilometers per hour.

History

The first patents to be granted in the United States were granted to inventor Alfred Zehden in Germany. The first high-speed magnetic levitation or Maglev train was created in Hamburg , Germany in 1979. It was installed in Hamburg for the International Transport Exhibition and was built on a track measuring 908 meters. It was very well accepted by the public and was even running for three months later, managing to transport just over 50,000 passengers.

In Birmingham , England, between 1984 and 1985, the first low- speed Maglev was built which was fully automated and circulated from Birmingham International Airport to the International Train Station.

Parties

The parts of a magnetic levitation train are:

• Magnetic support
• Motor
• Stator
• Magnetic guide
• Rails and wagons

How the Maglev Train Works

The principle of operation of the magnetic levitation train is its propulsion and levitation . Basically the train is guided by the electromagnetic force that acts between the superconducting magnets of the train and the coils of the track.

It has a linear synchronous propulsion system that indicates that the inductor is the three-phase coils that are located on the track and the superconducting coils of the train.

The path through which it travels is divided into parts and the coils that are inside each part are connected in series, giving foam to a feeding section. Each section in turn is linked to the outlet via a section switch .

As for the levitation system, it is made up of a superconducting magnet on the train and short-circuited coils on the track. When the three moves, the magnetic field that has been generated by the superconducting magnets does so at the same time . If the circuit is inductive, it is possible to create a levitation force , and if it is resistive, the levitation force is canceled, giving rise to a magnetic resistance force that opposes the movement.

The levitation force increases with the speed of the vehicle, although when it reaches a certain speed the increase is minimal. When the force of levitation is equal to the weight of the vehicle , it takes off .

Examples

Central Japan Railway Co . created a new high-speed magnetic levitation train or bullet train, known as the Shinkansen N700S high-speed or Shinkansen Supreme. An elegant and silent train that covers the section between Tokyo and Shin-Osaka.