Long Jump

The long jump is a test used in the athletics category . The test consists of traveling as much distance as possible on a horizontal plane after a race. It is one of the most spontaneous sports gestures that exist in sports today. So we can say that the jump consists of making a single jump forward, taking off with one leg after the momentum generated by the race. It was part of the first Olympic Games in ancient Greece and was also one of the most modern that was first enjoyed in 1896.

What is the long jump?

The long jump must be done in a certain area. The broker must perform a jump and achieve a fall over a pit of sand . The distance of this jump is measured from the position of the board to the farthest mark the athlete makes on the sand mound. So we can say that the jump consists of making a single jump forward, taking off with one leg after the momentum generated by the race.

History of the long jump

The long jump has existed in all sports competitions of antiquity . The Greeks were in charge of including this modality within the Olympic Games in 776 BC, at which time the jump was performed with dumbbells , which were a kind of weights, and carried them in each hand. Athens was the first place where competitions including the long jump were held. It began to be part of the Olympic games at the beginning of 1896 and in 1928 women were allowed to participate in this discipline. In the early 19th century, Adam Williammanaged to perform a jump of 5.41 meters away. Another important representative was Jhon Lane , who managed to jump 7.05 meters in 1874.

Long jump rules

• Competitors have three different opportunities to perform the jump and the best eight are chosen from among all participants.
• The longest jump is the one taken into account.
• If there is a tie, the competitor with the second longest jump will win .
• If the player performs a cartwheel, walks backwards on the court, exceeds the specified time or touches the deployment indicator, he will be disqualified .
• The measure of the jump is taken from the edge that is closest to the sand mark.
• The time for jump attempts is one minute and two minutes during the final stages of competition.

Long jump phases

The main phases of the long jump are as follows:

• Running phase: this phase forms the basis of the jump. It must be previously measured with great precision , and it must be done with a progressive movement and raising the thigh. The penultimate support is longer than the others and the last is the shortest.
• Take-off phase: the take-off phase is the moment when the race is transformed into a jump. This phase begins by supporting the foot of the take-off on the table and ends with the loss of that contact that has been generated, first. The take-off foot reaches the plant table with full support.
• Flight phase : depending on the length of the jump and the experience of the jumper, there may be different types of flight. The simplest of the techniques that is learned by competitors is the Natural Technique , which consists of carrying out the translation in a sitting position.
• Landing phase: the landing phase must be carried out in such a way that the first part that comes into contact with the sand is the most delayed mark. We will then have to try to fall into the gap left by the athlete’s feet either forward or to the side, but a mark should never be left behind, since this will be where the measurement for qualification is taken .

Track

Although there is no standard measure for the performance of the track jump, in general , acceleration tracks measure approximately 50 meters . Inside the track, the jump lines are located between one and three meters before reaching the pit . After the line, a plasticine table or a similar material should be placed to allow adequate visibility of the test. In the landing area, better known as a pit, a wet sandbar should be placed , which is approximately 3 meters wide and ten meters long.

Sneakers

Spiked shoes are those used in the long jump as they give the runner a better push and grip . These shoes are made of materials such as Eva rubber , which is responsible for absorbing the impact suffered by the runner when falling. The lengths of the nails that form them vary from 3mm to 15mm and will depend on the type of surface and the test to be performed.