Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera

José Antonio Primo de Rivera is known for being the founder of the Falange , a political group that sought a way to position itself as an inspiring movement and as the base of the State in Spain seeking service , brotherhood and respect for the different hierarchies.

What did José Antonio Primo de Rivera do

José Antonio Primo de Rivera was the man who acted as the engine of the insurrection and maintained many military contacts in search of support for the insurrection that was led by the Falange . In 1934 he was in charge of drafting the composition of the government that could at some point become part of the insurrection. He named himself as head of the government and carried out a series of plans and meetings for the entire insurrection movement.

He created the Spanish Falange in 1933, later joining it with the National Unionist Offensive Board, thus giving rise to the FE de las JONS. He was in charge of carrying out political propaganda with many young militants , where mainly violent demonstrations were presented .

Biography of José Antonio Primo de Rivera

José Antonio Primo de Rivera was born on April 24, 1903 in the city of Madrid . His mother died when he was just a child and his father was General Miguel Primo de Rivera , however, they were never united due to his father’s work. It was from him that he also inherited the title of Marquis of Estella because from 1923 to 1930, his father was a dictator. He was baptized on May 13 in the Church of Santa Bárbara .

He received his high school education between 1912 and 1917 from a private teacher. It can be said that his school life was not so important, otherwise with his university life which did turn out to be transcendental in his life.

In 1919 he began his university career where he was part of the Law Students Association and in 1922 he managed to obtain his bachelor’s degree and then begin to serve militarily in the group known as Dragones de Santiago . He continued studying law to finally graduate from the Bar in 1925.

In 1930 he joined the National Monarchical Union and on May 2 of the same year he began working as deputy secretary general . In 1931 he decides to run in the elections, however, he is defeated by Bartolomé Castro . Together with Ruiz de Alda he decided to create the Spanish Trade Union Movement , a movement that later gave rise to the Spanish Falange.

Death

Due to his participation in the Falange, he was arrested and imprisoned in 1936 in the Madrid Model Prison and on June 5 he was taken to the Alicante prison . He was tried in a popular court where he was sentenced to death. Despite the fact that many participants from the rebellious side tried to negotiate with the government to release him, this was not possible.

His sentence was confirmed by the Supreme Court although Governor Francisco Valdés tried at all costs to stop the execution. José Antonio Primo de Rivera was finally shot one on November 20 of the same year. In his will he asked to be buried following the rites of the Catholic religion .

As heirs, he left his siblings and asked his relatives to help María Jesús Primo de Rivera, an aunt who had taken care of them when they were children, with their assets. He also requested that some of his goods be delivered to his colleagues in the office where he worked. The tomb of José Antonio Primo de Rivera is located in the Valley of the Fallen in a place of honor.

Ideology of José Antonio Primo de Rivera

His ideas were completely based on a totalitarianism of the nationalist type . His wish was based on the idea of ​​being able to make a kind of synthesis between tradition and revolution .

Thought

In his political doctrine and in his way of thinking he had many conservative and traditional elements and he wanted to implement social justice above all , so that in this way the settlers could once again find supremacy and the spiritual .

His ideals also included the nationalization of banking , public services and giving the labor capital gain to the unions to create a profound reform applying the principles of “the land belongs to the workers” thus creating property both family and communal and union .

Personality

The personality of José Antonio Primo de Rivera was characterized by his determination , he never wanted to give up in the face of any type of adversity. He was a man who never trusted the different democratic methods that existed and fought with all his might to keep his ideals alive and to show them to all those around him.

Physical characteristics

Many people refer to him as a man of medium height, with black hair, black eyes, arched eyebrows, and a pointed nose. He wore his hair short and his skin was white.

Parents

His father was infantry colonel Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja and his mother was called Casilda Sáenz de Heredia y Suárez de Argudín, a lady who came from the nobility and lineage of Castile.

Relations

Many historians say that the sentimental life of José Antonio Primo de Rivera was a bit complicated. It is said that he was in love for a long time with Pilar Azlor de Aragón , who was the daughter of the Dukes of Luna. It is also mentioned that he had a relationship with the princess of Bibesco and that when she was traveling in Paris, they had the opportunity to see each other. He is also credited with a courtship with Carmen Werner , a leader of the Malaga Falangist movement. His last girlfriend was named María Santos Kant .

Sons

There are no records on the children of José Antonio Primo de Rivera.

Importance

Its importance is based on the creation of Falangism in Spain as a movement of a political nature that was mainly opposed to Marxism and the parliamentary system that existed at that time in the government.

Quotes by José Antonio Primo de Rivera

Some of the most important and recognized phrases mentioned by José Antonio Primo de Rivera were the following:

• All historical processes, deep down, are a religious process.
• The current situation in the world is nothing more than the ultimate consequence of the Reformation.
• The whole reconstruction of Spain must have a Catholic meaning.
• The Spanish Falange de las JONS is not in itself a fascist-type movement, it may have some coincidences in some of its main points of universal value but it is emerging with peculiar characteristics.
• I wish my Spanish blood were the last to be spilled in civil discord.
• A nation is not a language, nor is it a race or a territory. Rather, it is a unity of destiny in the universal.

Curiosities

Some curiosities of this important character are mentioned below:

• He was considered by many to be an elegant and extremely attractive man.
• He inherited the title of Marquis of Estela from his father who was governor.
• He did not give much importance to his school studies and it was not until he reached the university that he took a greater love for his learning.