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Isaac Newton

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Isaac Newton was a scientist and mathematician who changed the way we understand the Universe today . Revered in his own life, he discovered the laws of gravity and motion and invented calculus . It helped shape our rational view of the world. He was a man with a big ego who thought that only he could understand God’s creation and his personal life was far from rational , consumed by petty jealousy, bitter rivalries and a ruthless quest for reputation.

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Personal information

  • When was he born:  01/04/1643
  • Where he was born:  Woolsthorpe, England
  • When he died:  03/31/1727
  • Where he died:  London, England

Who was Isaac Newton?

Isaac Newton is considered the most important scientist and genius of science due to his great contributions in the area of mathematics , astronomy and optics , although his most brilliant contribution was in the field of physics.

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Isaac Newton Biography

Isaac Newton was born on Christmas Day 1642 in Woolsthorpe , a town in southwest Lincolnshire, England . After a basic education in the local schools, at the age of twelve he was sent to the King’s School in Grantham, England, where he lived in the home of a pharmacist named Clark. Newton was interested in the library chemistry and laboratory Clark, and built mechanical devices to entertain the daughter of Clark, including a mill Wind handled by a live mouse, floating lamps and sundials.

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At the age of nineteen he entered Trinity College in England, where after receiving his bachelor’s degree in 1665, but he did not manage to finish as the university closed. Newton returned to Woolsthorpe during which time he performed basic experiments and thought about his later work on gravitation and optics . Newton developed his own system of calculus , a form of mathematics used to solve problems in physics .

Returning to Cambridge in 1667, Newton quickly completed the requirements for his master’s degree. His math teacher, Isaac Barrow , was the first to recognize Newton’s unusual ability. When Barrow resigned to take another job in 1669, he recommended that Newton take his post so Newton became a professor of mathematics at the age of twenty-seven and stayed at Trinity for twenty-seven years and served on the commission that the University of Cambridge

Death

Newton was in good health until the end of his life; in 1722 he suffered a kidney problem that made him sick, and in 1724 he had renal colic. In 1727, a stone in his bladder began his agony. Newton died on March 20 , after having refused to receive the help of the Church, because he abhorred the dogma of the Trinity.

Thought

Apart from his merely scientific thinking, Newton was a man who believed in God and was deeply interested in the study of theology and the Bible , so his philosophical and theological thinking sought to understand God. He completely rejected the idea of ​​the trinity and claimed that the Catholic Church was lying.

Isaac Newton thought that science and God were united, that they were different ways of arriving at the same knowledge . He became interested in natural theology to explain the properties that God had through the attributes of creation.

Contributions

In optics, his discovery of the composition of white light integrated the phenomena of colors into the science of light and laid the foundation for modern physical optics . In mechanics , his three laws of motion , the basic principles of modern physics, resulted in the formulation of the law of universal gravitation , which includes the law of inertia ( Newton’s first law ), the law of interaction, and force ( Newton’s second law ) and the action-reaction law ( Newton’s third law). In mathematics, he was the original discoverer of the infinitesimal calculus .

Discoveries

Among its main discoveries we can mention:

  • Newton’s Laws
  • The calculus that was called fluxions and solved problems of orbits and curves.
  • Newton’s ” Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica “, known simply as the Principia which was the basis for that of the Industrial Revolution.
  • He discovered that the earth is not completely round .
  • He determined that white light was a combination of colors that can be separated by means of a prism and that the multicolored spectrum generated by the prism can be recomposed by white light and a second prism.
  • He formulated the theory on cooling that is used today.

Isaac Newton inventions

Isaac Newton invented the first reflecting telescope, now known as the Newtonian telescope. He created the empirical formula regarding cooling or Newtonian fluid . He formulated the law of gravity and the refraction of white light . He designed an orbital cannon to demonstrate his theory of the law of gravitation and also collaborated with the British Empire when he invented a currency that was impossible to counterfeit.

Experiments

He carried out experiments with respect to gravity after once he was sitting under a tree, an apple fell on his head and he thought about why the moon did not fall on us then, a thought that led him to formulate the four fundamental laws of the physical.

He also made a series of tests to prove his laws and to confirm the mathematical formulation in the physical models of great complexity. He used a second prism to try to decompose the colors that resulted from the first prism, observing how the rainbow returned to its original white light.

He carried out experiments regarding the refraction of light that allowed him to correct problems in the telescopes that existed at the time.

Importance of Isaac Newton

The importance of Isaac Newton for science has been enormous. His laws of motion are the basis of physics and current science , in addition to giving rise to the term gravity , he extended the laws of mechanics to the cosmos, through universal laws. He enunciated the Law of Universal Gravitation and movement . He studied the nature of light , formulated the principles of optics and color theory , integral and differential mathematical calculus, and developed the first reflecting telescope. transcendental in the later development of Astronomy.

Books

Some examples from his books are as follows:

  • Fluxion method
  • Optics: or a treatise on reflections, refractions, inflections and colors of light
  • Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), also known simply as Principia
  • Mathematical principles of natural philosophy
  • The Tempo of Solomon
  • The World System

Phrases

Among the most outstanding phrases of Isaac Newton we mention the following:

  • Men build too many walls and not enough
  • I can calculate the movement of celestial bodies, but not the madness of people.
  • For me there has never been a greater source of earthly honors or distinction greater than the connection with the advancements of the
  • Gravity explains the motion of the planets , but it cannot explain who sets the planets in motion.
  • The nature is pleased with simplicity. And nature is no fool.
  • Unity in variety, and variety in unity is the supreme law of the universe.
  • For every action there is always an opposite reaction
  • Where does all this order and all the beauty that we see in the world come from?

Acknowledgments

Isaac Newton was widely recognized for his laws of kinematics , theory of light , for the development of differential and integral calculus, and of course, for the law of universal gravitation . He received important awards from the Royal Society of London. The Queen Anne I , appointed him as a ” gentleman ” in 1705.

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