Francisco I. Madero

Francisco Ignacio Madero , was an important Mexican revolutionary and president of Mexico, remembered for being the one who successfully overthrew the dictator Porfirio Díaz, temporarily unifying various democratic and anti-Díaz forces when he spoke out against the regime, unleashing what we know as the Mexican Revolution . However, as president he proved unable to control the reactions of both conservatives and revolutionaries that his moderate reforms provoked.

Biography of Francisco I. Madero

Francisco I. Madero was born in Parras de la Fuente in Coahuila in 1873 . He was a member of a very wealthy family descended from landowners and industrialists, his father Francisco Madero and his mother Mercedes González . He began his education in France and then in the United States , he also studied at the Liceo de Versalles and at the School of Higher Commercial Studies in Paris to return to Mexico in 1892. By then he had ideas of social reforms and democratic idealsand he began to worry about the condition in which the peasants lived. He married Sara Pérez Romero and did not have any children.

In 1904 he began his political career and was appointed as president of the Democratic Club in Coahuila. He managed to reach the presidential chair in 1911 but had many problems with radical agrarian leaders and with many conservative sectors . He was accused of a traitor by Emiliano Zapata and at the end of his days he was shot .

Death

In February 1913, Victoriano Huerta, who was the head of the army, ordered him to be arrested forcing him to resign . On 22 February 1913 , Francisco I. Madero was assassinated along with his vice president José María Pino Suárez in Mexico City , at the time it was transferred to the prison of Lecumberri .

What did

Madero was in charge of defending the political and agrarian reform , strongly criticized the regime of President Porfirio Díaz , published the presidential succession in 1910 in which he motivated voters not to re-elect the president. He proclaimed the Plan of San Luis in which a call to arms was given against the government. He participated in various military campaigns and became the leading candidate to occupy the presidential chair until he was elected president of Mexico in the elections of 1911 .

Participation in the Mexican revolution

The Mexican Revolution was started by Francisco I. Madero who started it with the anti- reelectionist movement created by himself. This revolution broke out on November 20, 1920, ending the years of Porfirio’s rule. It was based on the injustices that occurred in the elections because they were considered as electoral fraud . The revolution was divided into the peasant movement in the state of Morelos, the socio-political movement in the northern zone and the Magonismo . In the middle of the revolution, Madero was in charge of publishing the plan of San Luis, a document that basically declared null the elections for president and vice president of the Republic, at which time Mexico declared the Suppressant Law of the Republic that prohibited reelection .

Presidential campaign

Francisco I. Madero was presented as candidate to the presidency in the year 1910 . He did it against Porfirio Díaz, however, before the elections he was imprisoned with the aim of not letting him reach the presidency, however, he managed to escape by proclaiming the Plan of San Luis , which was the ideological basis of the Maderista revolution. The Maderistas managed to take him to the presidential chair with the capture of the city of Juárez under the command of Pascual Orozco and through the city’s treaties .

government

His government intended to seek political equity and limit the power based on the law of democracy . His main premise in government was freedom and while he governed, he suffered from a large number of demonstrations against him. Its government was different from that of other residents, it did not use bodyguards nor did it boast of its inauguration , it never abused power nor was it an authoritarian government . However, he had the problem of not being able to see beyond the problems. It was a short government that lasted only 15 monthsand he was paralyzed by two different congresses .

He believed that the inequality that existed in the country would be solved simply if the rules were followed and the law was respected . He failed to grasp the situation with respect to the Porfirian government , which was trying little by little to end its government, an objective that it achieved.

What is your full name

His full name was Francisco Ignacio Madero González.

Contributions of Francisco I. Madero

Among his most important contributions we can mention:

• He created the book The Presidential Succession in which he criticized the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz and invited citizens to exercise their political rights that had been taken from them.
• He summoned the people to a revolution to fight for effective suffrage and to prohibit reelection .
• He collaborated in the newspaper El Demócrata where he published different political articles where he spread his ideals on human rights , voting and freedom .
• He managed to pull of the power to Porfirio Diaz who had won the election through fraud.
• He decreed the San Luis plan , the starting point for the insurrection against the Diaz dictatorship.

Ideology of Francisco I. Madero

His thought was always focused on trying to get the peasants and the people of the city out of their misery . More than a social commitment , he had a lot of sentimentality and for this reason on many occasions he did not understand the people. He did not believe in the distribution of land to provide social justice and believed that work would be responsible for the creation of small properties. His thinking was that the workers and peasants were all equal and fought against the inequality of classes . He also did not believe that wealthHe was responsible for making men better citizens and for him, what really mattered was education to make better decisions, this idea, although true, was very advanced for its time.

Motto

The slogan of his political campaign was ” Effective suffrage, no reelection . ” This motto was mainly focused on his political proposal , his convictions of democracy and his conviction about the reelectionist system that at that time was an obstacle for the country.

Flag

When he was president of Mexico, he received the news that Generals Bernardo Reyes and Félix Díaz had risen up, so he decided to take the tricolor flag and go to the National Palace to fight the rebellion and defend the Constitution . Some time later, the portrait of Francisco I. Madero was placed on the flag and it is currently kept in the National Museum of History. His colors were green, white and red , and his portrait was placed on the white strip.

Poetry

Several poems were made in his honor such as ” El Rojo y el Negro “ , ” Poesía sinaloense “ ,  ” El Apóstol Madero “ , ” Resurrección “ , and others.

Clothing

He generally wore a camisole , pants and a wide-brimmed hat, typical of the Mexican years.

Famous phrases of Francisco I. Madero

Among the main famous phrases of Francisco I. Madero we can mention:

• Good government can only exist when there are good citizens .
• I am convinced that our spirit evolves through innumerable carnal sheaths .
• I am more proud of the victories obtained in the field of democracy than of those achieved in the fields of […]
• By conquering our freedoms we have conquered a new weapon ; that weapon is the vote .
• In Mexico, as a democratic Republic , public power cannot have any other origin or base other than the national will , and this cannot be subject to formulas carried out in a fraudulent manner.
• I have understood very well that if the people have appointed me as their candidate for the Presidency, it is not because I have had the opportunity to discover in me the gifts of the statesman or of a ruler , but the virility of the patriot determined to sacrifice himself , if necessary. , in order to conquer freedom and help the people to free themselves from the hateful tyranny that oppresses them.

Decendents

Francisco I. Madero did not have any descendants.

Importance

Madero has been of great importance to the Mexican people because through their struggle, effective suffrage was imposed as well as the alternation in the political power of the country. For this reason, he is considered a revolutionary hero , a precursor of the Mexican Revolution that promoted a movement of great social and egalitarian meaning .